Occurrence download formats

String

No

🍃 Unique GBIF key for the occurrence.

We aim to keep these keys stable, but this is not possible in every case.

String

Yes

🐦 Information about who can access the resource or an indication of its security status.

String

Yes

🐦 A bibliographic reference for the resource as a statement indicating how this record should be cited (attributed) when used.

String

Yes

🐦 A language of the resource.

String

Yes

🍃 A legal document giving official permission to do something with the occurrence.

ISO 8601 Date

Yes

🍃 The most recent date-time on which the occurrence was changed, according to the publisher.

String

Yes

🍃 The name of the organization publishing this record

String

Yes

🍃 A related resource that is referenced, cited, or otherwise pointed to by the described resource.

String

Yes

🐦 A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.

String

Yes

🐦 The nature or genre of the resource.

String

Yes

🐦 An identifier for the institution having custody of the object(s) or information referred to in the record.

String

Yes

🐦 An identifier for the collection or dataset from which the record was derived.

String array, delimited with ;

Yes

🍃 An identifier for the set of data. May be a global unique identifier or an identifier specific to a collection or institution.

String

Yes

🐦 The name (or acronym) in use by the institution having custody of the object(s) or information referred to in the record.

String

Yes

🐦 The name, acronym, coden, or initialism identifying the collection or data set from which the record was derived.

String array, delimited with ;

Yes

🍃 The name identifying the data set from which the record was derived.

String

Yes

🐦 The name (or acronym) in use by the institution having ownership of the object(s) or information referred to in the record.

String

Yes

🍃 The values of the Darwin Core term Basis of Record which can apply to occurrences.

See GBIF’s Darwin Core Type Vocabulary for definitions.

String

Yes

🐦 Additional information that exists, but that has not been shared in the given record.

String

Yes

🐦 Actions taken to make the shared data less specific or complete than in its original form. Suggests that alternative data of higher quality may be available on request.

String

Yes

🐦 A list of additional measurements, facts, characteristics, or assertions about the record. Meant to provide a mechanism for structured content.

String

Yes

🐦 An identifier for the Occurrence (as opposed to a particular digital record of the occurrence). In the absence of a persistent global unique identifier, construct one from a combination of identifiers in the record that will most closely make the occurrenceID globally unique.

String

Yes

🐦 An identifier (preferably unique) for the record within the data set or collection.

String

Yes

🐦 An identifier given to the Occurrence at the time it was recorded. Often serves as a link between field notes and an Occurrence record, such as a specimen collector’s number.

String array, delimited with ;

Yes

🍃 A person, group, or organization responsible for recording the original occurrence.

String array, delimited with ;

Yes

🐦 A list (concatenated and separated) of the globally unique identifier for the person, people, groups, or organizations responsible for recording the original Occurrence.

Integer

Yes

🍃 The number of individuals present at the time of the Occurrence.

String

Yes

🍃 A number or enumeration value for the quantity of organisms.

String

Yes

🍃 The type of quantification system used for the quantity of organisms.

String

Yes

🍃 The sex of the biological individual(s) represented in the Occurrence.

For definitions, see the GBIF sex vocabulary

String structure

Yes

🍃 The age class or life stage of the Organism(s) at the time the Occurrence was recorded.

Values are aligned to the GBIF LifeStage vocabulary

String

Yes

🐦 The reproductive condition of the biological individual(s) represented in the Occurrence.

String

Yes

🐦 The behavior shown by the subject at the time the Occurrence was recorded.

String structure

Yes

🍃 Statement about whether an organism or organisms have been introduced to a given place and time through the direct or indirect activity of modern humans.

Values are aligned to the GBIF EstablishmentMeans vocabulary,which is derived from the Darwin Core EstablishmentMeans vocabulary.

String structure

Yes

🍃 The degree to which an Organism survives, reproduces, and expands its range at the given place and time.

Values are aligned to the GBIF DegreeOfEstablishment vocabulary,which is derived from the Darwin Core DegreeOfEstablishment vocabulary.

String structure

Yes

🍃 The process by which an Organism came to be in a given place at a given time.

Values are aligned to the GBIF Pathway vocabulary,which is derived from the Darwin Core Pathway vocabulary.

String

Yes

🐦 A categorical description of the extent to which the georeference has been verified to represent the best possible spatial description for the Location of the Occurrence.

String

Yes

🍃 A statement about the presence or absence of a Taxon at a Location.

For definitions, see the GBIF occurrence status vocabulary.

String array, delimited with ;

Yes

🍃 A preparation or preservation method for a specimen.

String

Yes

🐦 The current state of a specimen with respect to the collection identified in collectionCode or collectionID.

String

Yes

🐦 A list (concatenated and separated) of identifiers of other Occurrence records and their associations to this Occurrence.

String

Yes

🐦 A list (concatenated and separated) of identifiers (publication, bibliographic reference, global unique identifier, URI) of literature associated with the Occurrence.

String

Yes

🐦 A list (concatenated and separated) of identifiers (publication, global unique identifier, URI) of genetic sequence information associated with the Occurrence.

String

Yes

🐦 A list (concatenated and separated) of identifiers or names of taxa and the associations of this Occurrence to each of them.

String array, delimited with ;

Yes

🍃 A list (concatenated and separated) of previous or alternate fully qualified catalogue numbers or other human-used identifiers for the same occurrence, whether in the current or any other data set or collection.

String

Yes

🐦 Comments or notes about the Occurrence.

String

Yes

🐦 An identifier for the Organism instance (as opposed to a particular digital record of the Organism). May be a globally unique identifier or an identifier specific to the data set.

String

Yes

🐦 A textual name or label assigned to an Organism instance.

String

Yes

🐦 A description of the kind of Organism instance. Can be used to indicate whether the Organism instance represents a discrete organism or if it represents a particular type of aggregation.

String

Yes

🐦 A list (concatenated and separated) of identifiers of other Organisms and the associations of this Organism to each of them.

String

Yes

🐦 A list (concatenated and separated) of previous assignments of names to the Organism.

String

Yes

🐦 Comments or notes about the Organism instance.

String

Yes

🐦 An identifier for the MaterialSample (as opposed to a particular digital record of the material sample). In the absence of a persistent global unique identifier, construct one from a combination of identifiers in the record that will most closely make the materialSampleID globally unique.

String

Yes

🐦 An identifier for the set of information associated with an Event (something that occurs at a place and time). May be a global unique identifier or an identifier specific to the data set.

String

Yes

🐦 An identifier for the broader Event that groups this and potentially other Events.

String

Yes

🐦 An identifier given to the event in the field. Often serves as a link between field notes and the Event.

ISO 8601 Date

Yes

🍃 The date-time during which an Event occurred. For occurrences, this is the date-time when the event was recorded. Not suitable for a time in a geological context.

Note: This field is planned to expand to allow date ranges. See issue.

String

Yes

🐦 The time or interval during which an Event occurred.

String

Yes

🐦 The earliest integer day of the year on which the Event occurred (1 for January 1, 365 for December 31, except in a leap year, in which case it is 366).

String

Yes

🐦 The latest integer day of the year on which the Event occurred (1 for January 1, 365 for December 31, except in a leap year, in which case it is 366).

Integer

Yes

🍃 The four-digit year in which the event occurred, according to the Common Era calendar.

Integer

Yes

🍃 The integer month in which the Event occurred.

Integer

Yes

🍃 The integer day of the month on which the Event occurred.

String

Yes

🐦 The verbatim original representation of the date and time information for an Event.

String

Yes

🐦 A category or description of the habitat in which the Event occurred.

String array, delimited with ;

Yes

🍃 The methods or protocols used during an Event, denoted by an IRI.

String

Yes

🍃 A numeric value for a measurement of the size (time duration, length, area, or volume) of a sample in a sampling event.

String

Yes

🍃 The unit of measurement of the size (time duration, length, area, or volume) of a sample in a sampling event.

String

Yes

🐦 The amount of effort expended during an Event.

String

Yes

🐦 One of a) an indicator of the existence of, b) a reference to (publication, URI), or c) the text of notes taken in the field about the Event.

String

Yes

🐦 Comments or notes about the Event.

String

Yes

🐦 An identifier for the set of location information (data associated with dcterms:Location). May be a global unique identifier or an identifier specific to the data set.

String

Yes

🐦 An identifier for the geographic region within which the Location occurred.

String

Yes

🐦 A list (concatenated and separated) of geographic names less specific than the information captured in the locality term.

String

Yes

🍃 The continent, based on a 7 continent model described on Wikipedia and the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions (WGSRPD).

In particular this splits the Americas into North and South America with North America including the Caribbean (except Trinidad and Tobago) and reaching down and including Panama.

See the GBIF Continents for the exact divisions.

This is a geographical division. See GBIFRegion for GBIF’s political divisions.

String

Yes

🍃 The name of the water body in which the Location occurs.

String

Yes

🐦 The name of the island group in which the Location occurs.

String

Yes

🐦 The name of the island on or near which the Location occurs.

String

Yes

🍃 The 2-letter country code (as per ISO-3166-1) of the country, territory or area in which the occurrence was recorded.

String

Yes

🍃 The name of the next-smaller administrative region than country (state, province, canton, department, region, etc.) in which the occurrence occurs.

This value is unaltered by GBIF’s processing; see also the GADM fields.

String

Yes

🐦 The full, unabbreviated name of the next smaller administrative region than stateProvince (county, shire, department, etc.) in which the Location occurs.

String

Yes

🐦 The full, unabbreviated name of the next smaller administrative region than county (city, municipality, etc.) in which the Location occurs. Do not use this term for a nearby named place that does not contain the actual location.

String

Yes

🐦 The specific description of the place.

String

Yes

🐦 The original textual description of the place.

String

Yes

🐦 The original description of the elevation (altitude, usually above sea level) of the Location.

String

Yes

🐦 The vertical datum used as the reference upon which the values in the elevation terms are based.

String

Yes

🐦 The original description of the depth below the local surface.

String

Yes

🐦 The lesser distance in a range of distance from a reference surface in the vertical direction, in meters. Use positive values for locations above the surface, negative values for locations below. If depth measures are given, the reference surface is the location given by the depth, otherwise the reference surface is the location given by the elevation.

String

Yes

🐦 The greater distance in a range of distance from a reference surface in the vertical direction, in meters. Use positive values for locations above the surface, negative values for locations below. If depth measures are given, the reference surface is the location given by the depth, otherwise the reference surface is the location given by the elevation.

String

Yes

🐦 Information about the source of this Location information. Could be a publication (gazetteer), institution, or team of individuals.

String

Yes

🐦 Comments or notes about the Location.

Double

Yes

🍃 The geographic latitude (in decimal degrees, using the WGS84 datum) of the geographic centre of the location of the occurrence.

Double

Yes

🍃 The geographic longitude (in decimal degrees, using the WGS84 datum) of the geographic centre of the location of the occurrence.

Double

Yes

🍃 The horizontal distance (in metres) from the given decimalLatitude and decimalLongitude describing the smallest circle containing the whole of the Location.

Double

Yes

🍃 A decimal representation of the precision of the coordinates given in the decimalLatitude and decimalLongitude.

String

Yes

🐦 The ratio of the area of the point-radius (decimalLatitude, decimalLongitude, coordinateUncertaintyInMeters) to the area of the true (original, or most specific) spatial representation of the Location. Legal values are 0, greater than or equal to 1, or undefined. A value of 1 is an exact match or 100% overlap. A value of 0 should be used if the given point-radius does not completely contain the original representation. The pointRadiusSpatialFit is undefined (and should be left empty) if the original representation is a point without uncertainty and the given georeference is not that same point (without uncertainty). If both the original and the given georeference are the same point, the pointRadiusSpatialFit is 1.

String

Yes

🐦 The coordinate format for the verbatimLatitude and verbatimLongitude or the verbatimCoordinates of the Location.

String

Yes

🐦 The ellipsoid, geodetic datum, or spatial reference system (SRS) upon which coordinates given in verbatimLatitude and verbatimLongitude, or verbatimCoordinates are based.

String

Yes

🐦 A Well-Known Text (WKT) representation of the shape (footprint, geometry) that defines the Location. A Location may have both a point-radius representation (see decimalLatitude) and a footprint representation, and they may differ from each other.

String

Yes

🐦 The ellipsoid, geodetic datum, or spatial reference system (SRS) upon which the geometry given in footprintWKT is based.

String

Yes

🐦 The ratio of the area of the footprint (footprintWKT) to the area of the true (original, or most specific) spatial representation of the Location. Legal values are 0, greater than or equal to 1, or undefined. A value of 1 is an exact match or 100% overlap. A value of 0 should be used if the given footprint does not completely contain the original representation. The footprintSpatialFit is undefined (and should be left empty) if the original representation is a point without uncertainty and the given georeference is not that same point (without uncertainty). If both the original and the given georeference are the same point, the footprintSpatialFit is 1.

String

Yes

🐦 A list (concatenated and separated) of names of people, groups, or organizations who determined the georeference (spatial representation) for the Location.

String

Yes

🐦 The date on which the Location was georeferenced.

String

Yes

🐦 A description or reference to the methods used to determine the spatial footprint, coordinates, and uncertainties.

String

Yes

🐦 A list (concatenated and separated) of maps, gazetteers, or other resources used to georeference the Location, described specifically enough to allow anyone in the future to use the same resources.

String

Yes

🐦 Notes or comments about the spatial description determination, explaining assumptions made in addition or opposition to the those formalized in the method referred to in georeferenceProtocol.

String

Yes

🐦 An identifier for the set of information associated with a GeologicalContext (the location within a geological context, such as stratigraphy). May be a global unique identifier or an identifier specific to the data set.

String

Yes

🐦 The full name of the earliest possible geochronologic eon or lowest chrono-stratigraphic eonothem or the informal name ("Precambrian") attributable to the stratigraphic horizon from which the cataloged item was collected.

String

Yes

🐦 The full name of the latest possible geochronologic eon or highest chrono-stratigraphic eonothem or the informal name ("Precambrian") attributable to the stratigraphic horizon from which the cataloged item was collected.

String

Yes

🐦 The full name of the earliest possible geochronologic era or lowest chronostratigraphic erathem attributable to the stratigraphic horizon from which the cataloged item was collected.

String

Yes

🐦 The full name of the latest possible geochronologic era or highest chronostratigraphic erathem attributable to the stratigraphic horizon from which the cataloged item was collected.

String

Yes

🐦 The full name of the earliest possible geochronologic period or lowest chronostratigraphic system attributable to the stratigraphic horizon from which the cataloged item was collected.

String

Yes

🐦 The full name of the latest possible geochronologic period or highest chronostratigraphic system attributable to the stratigraphic horizon from which the cataloged item was collected.

String

Yes

🐦 The full name of the earliest possible geochronologic epoch or lowest chronostratigraphic series attributable to the stratigraphic horizon from which the cataloged item was collected.

String

Yes

🐦 The full name of the latest possible geochronologic epoch or highest chronostratigraphic series attributable to the stratigraphic horizon from which the cataloged item was collected.

String

Yes

🐦 The full name of the earliest possible geochronologic age or lowest chronostratigraphic stage attributable to the stratigraphic horizon from which the cataloged item was collected.

String

Yes

🐦 The full name of the latest possible geochronologic age or highest chronostratigraphic stage attributable to the stratigraphic horizon from which the cataloged item was collected.

String

Yes

🐦 The full name of the lowest possible geological biostratigraphic zone of the stratigraphic horizon from which the cataloged item was collected.

String

Yes

🐦 The full name of the highest possible geological biostratigraphic zone of the stratigraphic horizon from which the cataloged item was collected.

String

Yes

🐦 The combination of all litho-stratigraphic names for the rock from which the cataloged item was collected.

String

Yes

🐦 The full name of the lithostratigraphic group from which the cataloged item was collected.

String

Yes

🐦 The full name of the lithostratigraphic formation from which the cataloged item was collected.

String

Yes

🐦 The full name of the lithostratigraphic member from which the cataloged item was collected.

String

Yes

🐦 The full name of the lithostratigraphic bed from which the cataloged item was collected.

String

Yes

🐦 An identifier for the Identification (the body of information associated with the assignment of a scientific name). May be a global unique identifier or an identifier specific to the data set.

String

Yes

🐦 A string representing the taxonomic identification as it appeared in the original record.

String

Yes

🐦 A brief phrase or a standard term ("cf.", "aff.") to express the determiner’s doubts about the Identification.

String array, delimited with ;

Yes

🍃 A list (concatenated and separated) of nomenclatural types (type status, typified scientific name, publication) applied to the occurrence.

String array, delimited with ;

Yes

🍃 A list (concatenated and separated) of names of people, groups, or organizations who assigned the Taxon to the occurrence.

String array, delimited with ;

Yes

🐦 A list (concatenated and separated) of the globally unique identifier for the person, people, groups, or organizations responsible for assigning the Taxon to the subject.

ISO 8601 Date

Yes

🍃 The date on which the subject was determined as representing the Taxon.

String

Yes

🐦 A list (concatenated and separated) of references (publication, global unique identifier, URI) used in the Identification.

String

Yes

🐦 A categorical indicator of the extent to which the taxonomic identification has been verified to be correct.

String

Yes

🐦 Comments or notes about the Identification.

String

Yes

🐦 An identifier for the set of taxon information (data associated with the Taxon class). May be a global unique identifier or an identifier specific to the data set.

String

Yes

🐦 An identifier for the nomenclatural (not taxonomic) details of a scientific name.

String

Yes

🐦 An identifier for the name usage (documented meaning of the name according to a source) of the currently valid (zoological) or accepted (botanical) taxon.

String

Yes

🐦 An identifier for the name usage (documented meaning of the name according to a source) of the direct, most proximate higher-rank parent taxon (in a classification) of the most specific element of the scientificName.

String

Yes

🐦 An identifier for the name usage (documented meaning of the name according to a source) in which the terminal element of the scientificName was originally established under the rules of the associated nomenclaturalCode.

String

Yes

🐦 An identifier for the source in which the specific taxon concept circumscription is defined or implied. See nameAccordingTo.

String

Yes

🐦 An identifier for the publication in which the scientificName was originally established under the rules of the associated nomenclaturalCode.

String

Yes

🐦 An identifier for the taxonomic concept to which the record refers - not for the nomenclatural details of a taxon.

String

Yes

🍃 The scientific name (including authorship) for the taxon from the GBIF backbone matched to this occurrence. This could be a synonym, see also acceptedScientificName.

String

Yes

🐦 The full name, with authorship and date information if known, of the currently valid (zoological) or accepted (botanical) taxon.

String

Yes

🐦 The full name, with authorship and date information if known, of the direct, most proximate higher-rank parent taxon (in a classification) of the most specific element of the scientificName.

String

Yes

🐦 The taxon name, with authorship and date information if known, as it originally appeared when first established under the rules of the associated nomenclaturalCode. The basionym (botany) or basonym (bacteriology) of the scientificName or the senior/earlier homonym for replaced names.

String

Yes

🐦 The reference to the source in which the specific taxon concept circumscription is defined or implied - traditionally signified by the Latin "sensu" or "sec." (from secundum, meaning "according to"). For taxa that result from identifications, a reference to the keys, monographs, experts and other sources should be given.

String

Yes

🐦 A reference for the publication in which the scientificName was originally established under the rules of the associated nomenclaturalCode.

String

Yes

🐦 The four-digit year in which the scientificName was published.

String

Yes

🐦 A list (concatenated and separated) of taxa names terminating at the rank immediately superior to the taxon referenced in the taxon record.

String

Yes

🍃 The kingdom name (excluding authorship) for the kingdom from the GBIF backbone matched to this occurrence.

String

Yes

🍃 The phylum name (excluding authorship) for the phylum from the GBIF backbone matched to this occurrence.

String

Yes

🍃 The class name (excluding authorship) for the class from the GBIF backbone matched to this occurrence.

String

Yes

🍃 The order name (excluding authorship) for the order from the GBIF backbone matched to this occurrence.

String

Yes

🍃 The family name (excluding authorship) for the family from the GBIF backbone matched to this occurrence.

String

Yes

🐦 The full scientific name of the subfamily in which the taxon is classified.

String

Yes

🍃 The genus name (excluding authorship) for the genus from the GBIF backbone matched to this occurrence.

String

Yes

🍃 The genus name part of the species name from the GBIF backbone matched to this occurrence.

String

Yes

🍃 The subgenus name (excluding authorship) for the subgenus from the GBIF backbone matched to this occurrence.

String

Yes

🐦 The infrageneric part of a binomial name at ranks above species but below genus.

String

Yes

🍃 The specific name part of the species name from the GBIF backbone matched to this occurrence.

String

Yes

🍃 The infraspecific name part of the species name from the GBIF backbone matched to this occurrence.

String

Yes

🐦 Part of the name of a cultivar, cultivar group or grex that follows the scientific name.

String

Yes

🍃 The taxonomic rank of the most specific name in the scientificName.

String

Yes

🐦 The taxonomic rank of the most specific name in the scientificName as it appears in the original record.

String

Yes

🐦 A common or vernacular name.

String

Yes

🐦 The nomenclatural code (or codes in the case of an ambiregnal name) under which the scientificName is constructed.

String

Yes

🍃 The status of the use of the scientificName as a label for a taxon.

String

Yes

🐦 The status related to the original publication of the name and its conformance to the relevant rules of nomenclature. It is based essentially on an algorithm according to the business rules of the code. It requires no taxonomic opinion.

String

Yes

🐦 Comments or notes about the taxon or name.

String

No

🍃 The UUID of the GBIF dataset containing this occurrence.

String

Yes

🍃 The country, territory or island based on ISO-3166 of the organization publishing the dataset containing this occurrence.

ISO 8601 Date

Yes

🍃 The time this occurrence was last processed by GBIF’s interpretation system “Pipelines”.

This is the time the record was last changed in GBIF, not the time the record was last changed by the publisher. Data is also reprocessed when we changed the taxonomic backbone, geographic data sources or other interpretation procedures.

An earlier interpretation system distinguished between “parsing” and “interpretation”, but in the current system there is only one process — the two dates will always be the same.

Double

Yes

🍃 Elevation (altitude) in metres above sea level. This is not a current Darwin Core term.

Double

Yes

🍃 The value of the potential error associated with the elevation. This is not a current Darwin Core term.

Double

Yes

🍃 Depth in metres below sea level. This is not a current Darwin Core term.

Double

Yes

🍃 The value of the potential error associated with the depth. This is not a current Darwin Core term.

Double

Yes

🍃 The distance in metres of the occurrence from a centroid known to be applied to occurrences during georeferencing. This can potentially indicate low-precision georeferencing, check the values of coordinateUncertaintyInMeters and georeferenceRemarks.

String array, delimited with ;

Yes

🍃 A specific interpretation issue found during processing and interpretation of the record.

See the list of occurrence issues and the OccurrenceIssue enumeration for possible values and definitions.

String array, delimited with ;

Yes

🍃 The media type given as Dublin Core type values, in particular StillImage, MovingImage or Sound.

Boolean

Yes

🍃 Boolean indicating that a valid latitude and longitude exists.

Boolean

Yes

🍃 Boolean indicating that some spatial validation rule has not passed.

Integer

Yes

🍃 A taxon key from the GBIF backbone for the most specific (lowest rank) taxon for this occurrence. This could be a synonym, see acceptedTaxonKey.

Integer

Yes

🍃 A taxon key from the GBIF backbone for the accepted taxon of this occurrence.

Integer

Yes

🍃 A taxon key from the GBIF backbone for the kingdom of thisoccurrence.

Integer

Yes

🍃 A taxon key from the GBIF backbone for the phylum of thisoccurrence.

Integer

Yes

🍃 A taxon key from the GBIF backbone for the class of thisoccurrence.

Integer

Yes

🍃 A taxon key from the GBIF backbone for the order of thisoccurrence.

Integer

Yes

🍃 A taxon key from the GBIF backbone for the family of thisoccurrence.

Integer

Yes

🍃 A taxon key from the GBIF backbone for the genus of thisoccurrence.

Integer

Yes

🍃 A taxon key from the GBIF backbone for the subgenus of thisoccurrence.

Integer

Yes

🍃 A taxon key from the GBIF backbone for the species of thisoccurrence.

String

Yes

🍃 The species name (excluding authorship) for the species from the GBIF backbone matched to this occurrence.

String

Yes

🍃 The accepted scientific name (including authorship) for the taxon from the GBIF backbone matched to this occurrence.

String

Yes

🍃 Scientific name as provided by the source.

String

Yes

🍃 The scientific name that is based on the type specimen.

This is not yet a Darwin Core term, see the proposal to add it.

String

Yes

🍃 The technical protocol by which this occurrence was retrieved from the publisher’s systems.

ISO 8601 Date

Yes

🍃 The time this occurrence was last processed by GBIF’s interpretation system “Pipelines”.

This is the time the record was last changed in GBIF, not the time the record was last changed by the publisher. Data is also reprocessed when we changed the taxonomic backbone, geographic data sources or other interpretation procedures.

An earlier interpretation system distinguished between “parsing” and “interpretation”, but in the current system there is only one process — the two dates will always be the same.

ISO 8601 Date

Yes

🍃 The time this occurrence was last retrieved from the publisher’s systems.

String

Yes

🍃 Boolean indicating if the publishing country is different to the location country.

String

Yes

🍃 The relative measurement of the quantity of the organism (i.e. without absolute units).

String array, delimited with ;

Yes

🍃

String

Yes

🍃 The identifier for the top-level division from the GADM database. This is usually a three-letter code from ISO 3166.

String

Yes

🍃 The English name for the top-level division from the GADM database.

String

Yes

🍃 The identifier for the first-level division from the GADM database.

String

Yes

🍃 The English name for the first-level division from the GADM database.

String

Yes

🍃 The identifier for the second-level division from the GADM database.

String

Yes

🍃 The English name for the second-level division from the GADM database.

String

Yes

🍃 The identifier for the third-level division from the GADM database.

String

Yes

🍃 The English name for the third-level division from the GADM database.

String

Yes

🍃 The IUCN Red List Category of the taxon of this occurrence.

See the GBIF vocabulary for the values and their definitions, and the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species dataset in GBIF for the version of the Red List GBIF’s interpretation procedures are using.

String structure

Yes

🍃 The type for sampling event records.

String

No

🍃 Unique GBIF key for the occurrence.

We aim to keep these keys stable, but this is not possible in every case.

String

Yes

🐦 The nature or genre of the resource.

String

Yes

🍃 The format the image is exposed in. It is recommended to use a IANA registered media type, but known file suffices are permissible too. See http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/media-types.xhtml

String

Yes

🍃 The public URL that identifies and locates the media file directly, not the html page it might be shown on. It is highly recommended that a URL to a media file of good resolution is provided or at least dc:reference in cases no public URI exists.

String

Yes

🍃 A related resource that is referenced, cited, or otherwise pointed to by the described resource.

String

Yes

🍃 The media items title. Strongly recommended as in many cases this will be used as the hyperlink text, and should be used accrodingly.

String

Yes

🍃 A textual description of the content of the media item

String

Yes

🍃 If the media item was derived or taken from another source this is the reference to that resource. For example a book from which an image was scanned or the original provider of a photo/graphic, such as photography agencies.

String

Yes

🍃 A class or description for whom the image is intended or useful

String

Yes

🍃 The date and time this media item was taken

String

Yes

🍃 The person that took the image, recorded the video or sound

String

Yes

🍃 Any contributor in addition to the creator that helped in recording the media item

String

Yes

🍃 The name of the organization publishing this record

String

Yes

🍃 A legal document giving official permission to do something with the occurrence.

String

Yes

🐦 A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.

String

No

🍃 Unique GBIF key for the occurrence.

We aim to keep these keys stable, but this is not possible in every case.

String

Yes

🐦 Information about who can access the resource or an indication of its security status.

String

Yes

🐦 A bibliographic reference for the resource as a statement indicating how this record should be cited (attributed) when used.

String

Yes

🐦 A language of the resource.

String

Yes

🐦 A legal document giving official permission to do something with the resource.

String

Yes

🐦 The most recent date-time on which the resource was changed.

String

Yes

🍃 The name of the organization publishing this record

String

Yes

🐦 A related resource that is referenced, cited, or otherwise pointed to by the described resource.

String

Yes

🐦 A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.

String

Yes

🐦 The nature or genre of the resource.

String

Yes

🐦 An identifier for the institution having custody of the object(s) or information referred to in the record.

String

Yes

🐦 An identifier for the collection or dataset from which the record was derived.

String

Yes

🐦 An identifier for the set of data. May be a global unique identifier or an identifier specific to a collection or institution.

String

Yes

🐦 The name (or acronym) in use by the institution having custody of the object(s) or information referred to in the record.

String

Yes

🐦 The name, acronym, coden, or initialism identifying the collection or data set from which the record was derived.

String

Yes

🐦 The name identifying the data set from which the record was derived.

String

Yes

🐦 The name (or acronym) in use by the institution having ownership of the object(s) or information referred to in the record.

String

Yes

🐦 The specific nature of the data record.

String

Yes

🐦 Additional information that exists, but that has not been shared in the given record.

String

Yes

🐦 Actions taken to make the shared data less specific or complete than in its original form. Suggests that alternative data of higher quality may be available on request.

String

Yes

🐦 A list of additional measurements, facts, characteristics, or assertions about the record. Meant to provide a mechanism for structured content.

String

Yes

🐦 An identifier for the Occurrence (as opposed to a particular digital record of the occurrence). In the absence of a persistent global unique identifier, construct one from a combination of identifiers in the record that will most closely make the occurrenceID globally unique.

String

Yes

🐦 An identifier (preferably unique) for the record within the data set or collection.

String

Yes

🐦 An identifier given to the Occurrence at the time it was recorded. Often serves as a link between field notes and an Occurrence record, such as a specimen collector’s number.

String

Yes

🐦 A list (concatenated and separated) of names of people, groups, or organizations responsible for recording the original Occurrence. The primary collector or observer, especially one who applies a personal identifier (recordNumber), should be listed first.

String

Yes

🐦 A list (concatenated and separated) of the globally unique identifier for the person, people, groups, or organizations responsible for recording the original Occurrence.

String

Yes

🐦 The number of individuals present at the time of the Occurrence.

String

Yes

🐦 A number or enumeration value for the quantity of organisms.

String

Yes

🐦 The type of quantification system used for the quantity of organisms.

String

Yes

🐦 The sex of the biological individual(s) represented in the Occurrence.

String

Yes

🐦 The age class or life stage of the Organism(s) at the time the Occurrence was recorded.

String

Yes

🐦 The reproductive condition of the biological individual(s) represented in the Occurrence.

String

Yes

🐦 The behavior shown by the subject at the time the Occurrence was recorded.

String

Yes

🐦 Statement about whether an organism or organisms have been introduced to a given place and time through the direct or indirect activity of modern humans.

String

Yes

🐦 The degree to which an Organism survives, reproduces, and expands its range at the given place and time.

String

Yes

🐦 The process by which an Organism came to be in a given place at a given time.

String

Yes

🐦 A categorical description of the extent to which the georeference has been verified to represent the best possible spatial description for the Location of the Occurrence.

String

Yes

🐦 A statement about the presence or absence of a Taxon at a Location.

String

Yes

🐦 A list (concatenated and separated) of preparations and preservation methods for a specimen.

String

Yes

🐦 The current state of a specimen with respect to the collection identified in collectionCode or collectionID.

String

Yes

🐦 A list (concatenated and separated) of identifiers (publication, global unique identifier, URI) of media associated with the Occurrence.

String

Yes

🐦 A list (concatenated and separated) of identifiers of other Occurrence records and their associations to this Occurrence.

String

Yes

🐦 A list (concatenated and separated) of identifiers (publication, bibliographic reference, global unique identifier, URI) of literature associated with the Occurrence.

String

Yes

🐦 A list (concatenated and separated) of identifiers (publication, global unique identifier, URI) of genetic sequence information associated with the Occurrence.

String

Yes

🐦 A list (concatenated and separated) of identifiers or names of taxa and the associations of this Occurrence to each of them.

String

Yes

🐦 A list (concatenated and separated) of previous or alternate fully qualified catalog numbers or other human-used identifiers for the same Occurrence, whether in the current or any other data set or collection.

String

Yes

🐦 Comments or notes about the Occurrence.

String

Yes

🐦 An identifier for the Organism instance (as opposed to a particular digital record of the Organism). May be a globally unique identifier or an identifier specific to the data set.

String

Yes

🐦 A textual name or label assigned to an Organism instance.

String

Yes

🐦 A description of the kind of Organism instance. Can be used to indicate whether the Organism instance represents a discrete organism or if it represents a particular type of aggregation.

String

Yes

🐦 A list (concatenated and separated) of identifiers of other Organisms and the associations of this Organism to each of them.

String

Yes

🐦 A list (concatenated and separated) of previous assignments of names to the Organism.

String

Yes

🐦 Comments or notes about the Organism instance.

String

Yes

🐦 An identifier for the MaterialSample (as opposed to a particular digital record of the material sample). In the absence of a persistent global unique identifier, construct one from a combination of identifiers in the record that will most closely make the materialSampleID globally unique.

String

Yes

🐦 An identifier for the set of information associated with an Event (something that occurs at a place and time). May be a global unique identifier or an identifier specific to the data set.

String

Yes

🐦 An identifier for the broader Event that groups this and potentially other Events.

String

Yes

🐦 An identifier given to the event in the field. Often serves as a link between field notes and the Event.

String

Yes

🐦 The date-time or interval during which an Event occurred. For occurrences, this is the date-time when the event was recorded. Not suitable for a time in a geological context.

String

Yes

🐦 The time or interval during which an Event occurred.

String

Yes

🐦 The earliest integer day of the year on which the Event occurred (1 for January 1, 365 for December 31, except in a leap year, in which case it is 366).

String

Yes

🐦 The latest integer day of the year on which the Event occurred (1 for January 1, 365 for December 31, except in a leap year, in which case it is 366).

String

Yes

🐦 The four-digit year in which the Event occurred, according to the Common Era Calendar.

String

Yes

🐦 The integer month in which the Event occurred.

String

Yes

🐦 The integer day of the month on which the Event occurred.

String

Yes

🐦 The verbatim original representation of the date and time information for an Event.

String

Yes

🐦 A category or description of the habitat in which the Event occurred.

String

Yes

🐦 The names of, references to, or descriptions of the methods or protocols used during an Event.

String

Yes

🐦 A numeric value for a measurement of the size (time duration, length, area, or volume) of a sample in a sampling event.

String

Yes

🐦 The unit of measurement of the size (time duration, length, area, or volume) of a sample in a sampling event.

String

Yes

🐦 The amount of effort expended during an Event.

String

Yes

🐦 One of a) an indicator of the existence of, b) a reference to (publication, URI), or c) the text of notes taken in the field about the Event.

String

Yes

🐦 Comments or notes about the Event.

String

Yes

🐦 An identifier for the set of location information (data associated with dcterms:Location). May be a global unique identifier or an identifier specific to the data set.

String

Yes

🐦 An identifier for the geographic region within which the Location occurred.

String

Yes

🐦 A list (concatenated and separated) of geographic names less specific than the information captured in the locality term.

String

Yes

🐦 The name of the continent in which the Location occurs.

String

Yes

🐦 The name of the water body in which the Location occurs.

String

Yes

🐦 The name of the island group in which the Location occurs.

String

Yes

🐦 The name of the island on or near which the Location occurs.

String

Yes

🐦 The name of the country or major administrative unit in which the Location occurs.

String

Yes

🐦 The standard code for the country in which the Location occurs.

String

Yes

🐦 The name of the next smaller administrative region than country (state, province, canton, department, region, etc.) in which the Location occurs.

String

Yes

🐦 The full, unabbreviated name of the next smaller administrative region than stateProvince (county, shire, department, etc.) in which the Location occurs.

String

Yes

🐦 The full, unabbreviated name of the next smaller administrative region than county (city, municipality, etc.) in which the Location occurs. Do not use this term for a nearby named place that does not contain the actual location.

String

Yes

🐦 The specific description of the place.

String

Yes

🐦 The original textual description of the place.

String

Yes

🐦 The lower limit of the range of elevation (altitude, usually above sea level), in meters.

String

Yes

🐦 The upper limit of the range of elevation (altitude, usually above sea level), in meters.

String

Yes

🐦 The original description of the elevation (altitude, usually above sea level) of the Location.

String

Yes

🐦 The vertical datum used as the reference upon which the values in the elevation terms are based.

String

Yes

🐦 The lesser depth of a range of depth below the local surface, in meters.

String

Yes

🐦 The greater depth of a range of depth below the local surface, in meters.

String

Yes

🐦 The original description of the depth below the local surface.

String

Yes

🐦 The lesser distance in a range of distance from a reference surface in the vertical direction, in meters. Use positive values for locations above the surface, negative values for locations below. If depth measures are given, the reference surface is the location given by the depth, otherwise the reference surface is the location given by the elevation.

String

Yes

🐦 The greater distance in a range of distance from a reference surface in the vertical direction, in meters. Use positive values for locations above the surface, negative values for locations below. If depth measures are given, the reference surface is the location given by the depth, otherwise the reference surface is the location given by the elevation.

String

Yes

🐦 Information about the source of this Location information. Could be a publication (gazetteer), institution, or team of individuals.

String

Yes

🐦 Comments or notes about the Location.

String

Yes

🐦 The geographic latitude (in decimal degrees, using the spatial reference system given in geodeticDatum) of the geographic center of a Location. Positive values are north of the Equator, negative values are south of it. Legal values lie between -90 and 90, inclusive.

String

Yes

🐦 The geographic longitude (in decimal degrees, using the spatial reference system given in geodeticDatum) of the geographic center of a Location. Positive values are east of the Greenwich Meridian, negative values are west of it. Legal values lie between -180 and 180, inclusive.

String

Yes

🐦 The ellipsoid, geodetic datum, or spatial reference system (SRS) upon which the geographic coordinates given in decimalLatitude and decimalLongitude as based.

String

Yes

🐦 The horizontal distance (in meters) from the given decimalLatitude and decimalLongitude describing the smallest circle containing the whole of the Location. Leave the value empty if the uncertainty is unknown, cannot be estimated, or is not applicable (because there are no coordinates). Zero is not a valid value for this term.

String

Yes

🐦 A decimal representation of the precision of the coordinates given in the decimalLatitude and decimalLongitude.

String

Yes

🐦 The ratio of the area of the point-radius (decimalLatitude, decimalLongitude, coordinateUncertaintyInMeters) to the area of the true (original, or most specific) spatial representation of the Location. Legal values are 0, greater than or equal to 1, or undefined. A value of 1 is an exact match or 100% overlap. A value of 0 should be used if the given point-radius does not completely contain the original representation. The pointRadiusSpatialFit is undefined (and should be left empty) if the original representation is a point without uncertainty and the given georeference is not that same point (without uncertainty). If both the original and the given georeference are the same point, the pointRadiusSpatialFit is 1.

String

Yes

🐦 The verbatim original spatial coordinates of the Location. The coordinate ellipsoid, geodeticDatum, or full Spatial Reference System (SRS) for these coordinates should be stored in verbatimSRS and the coordinate system should be stored in verbatimCoordinateSystem.

String

Yes

🐦 The verbatim original latitude of the Location. The coordinate ellipsoid, geodeticDatum, or full Spatial Reference System (SRS) for these coordinates should be stored in verbatimSRS and the coordinate system should be stored in verbatimCoordinateSystem.

String

Yes

🐦 The verbatim original longitude of the Location. The coordinate ellipsoid, geodeticDatum, or full Spatial Reference System (SRS) for these coordinates should be stored in verbatimSRS and the coordinate system should be stored in verbatimCoordinateSystem.

String

Yes

🐦 The coordinate format for the verbatimLatitude and verbatimLongitude or the verbatimCoordinates of the Location.

String

Yes

🐦 The ellipsoid, geodetic datum, or spatial reference system (SRS) upon which coordinates given in verbatimLatitude and verbatimLongitude, or verbatimCoordinates are based.

String

Yes

🐦 A Well-Known Text (WKT) representation of the shape (footprint, geometry) that defines the Location. A Location may have both a point-radius representation (see decimalLatitude) and a footprint representation, and they may differ from each other.

String

Yes

🐦 The ellipsoid, geodetic datum, or spatial reference system (SRS) upon which the geometry given in footprintWKT is based.

String

Yes

🐦 The ratio of the area of the footprint (footprintWKT) to the area of the true (original, or most specific) spatial representation of the Location. Legal values are 0, greater than or equal to 1, or undefined. A value of 1 is an exact match or 100% overlap. A value of 0 should be used if the given footprint does not completely contain the original representation. The footprintSpatialFit is undefined (and should be left empty) if the original representation is a point without uncertainty and the given georeference is not that same point (without uncertainty). If both the original and the given georeference are the same point, the footprintSpatialFit is 1.

String

Yes

🐦 A list (concatenated and separated) of names of people, groups, or organizations who determined the georeference (spatial representation) for the Location.

String

Yes

🐦 The date on which the Location was georeferenced.

String

Yes

🐦 A description or reference to the methods used to determine the spatial footprint, coordinates, and uncertainties.

String

Yes

🐦 A list (concatenated and separated) of maps, gazetteers, or other resources used to georeference the Location, described specifically enough to allow anyone in the future to use the same resources.

String

Yes

🐦 Notes or comments about the spatial description determination, explaining assumptions made in addition or opposition to the those formalized in the method referred to in georeferenceProtocol.

String

Yes

🐦 An identifier for the set of information associated with a GeologicalContext (the location within a geological context, such as stratigraphy). May be a global unique identifier or an identifier specific to the data set.

String

Yes

🐦 The full name of the earliest possible geochronologic eon or lowest chrono-stratigraphic eonothem or the informal name ("Precambrian") attributable to the stratigraphic horizon from which the cataloged item was collected.

String

Yes

🐦 The full name of the latest possible geochronologic eon or highest chrono-stratigraphic eonothem or the informal name ("Precambrian") attributable to the stratigraphic horizon from which the cataloged item was collected.

String

Yes

🐦 The full name of the earliest possible geochronologic era or lowest chronostratigraphic erathem attributable to the stratigraphic horizon from which the cataloged item was collected.

String

Yes

🐦 The full name of the latest possible geochronologic era or highest chronostratigraphic erathem attributable to the stratigraphic horizon from which the cataloged item was collected.

String

Yes

🐦 The full name of the earliest possible geochronologic period or lowest chronostratigraphic system attributable to the stratigraphic horizon from which the cataloged item was collected.

String

Yes

🐦 The full name of the latest possible geochronologic period or highest chronostratigraphic system attributable to the stratigraphic horizon from which the cataloged item was collected.

String

Yes

🐦 The full name of the earliest possible geochronologic epoch or lowest chronostratigraphic series attributable to the stratigraphic horizon from which the cataloged item was collected.

String

Yes

🐦 The full name of the latest possible geochronologic epoch or highest chronostratigraphic series attributable to the stratigraphic horizon from which the cataloged item was collected.

String

Yes

🐦 The full name of the earliest possible geochronologic age or lowest chronostratigraphic stage attributable to the stratigraphic horizon from which the cataloged item was collected.

String

Yes

🐦 The full name of the latest possible geochronologic age or highest chronostratigraphic stage attributable to the stratigraphic horizon from which the cataloged item was collected.

String

Yes

🐦 The full name of the lowest possible geological biostratigraphic zone of the stratigraphic horizon from which the cataloged item was collected.

String

Yes

🐦 The full name of the highest possible geological biostratigraphic zone of the stratigraphic horizon from which the cataloged item was collected.

String

Yes

🐦 The combination of all litho-stratigraphic names for the rock from which the cataloged item was collected.

String

Yes

🐦 The full name of the lithostratigraphic group from which the cataloged item was collected.

String

Yes

🐦 The full name of the lithostratigraphic formation from which the cataloged item was collected.

String

Yes

🐦 The full name of the lithostratigraphic member from which the cataloged item was collected.

String

Yes

🐦 The full name of the lithostratigraphic bed from which the cataloged item was collected.

String

Yes

🐦 An identifier for the Identification (the body of information associated with the assignment of a scientific name). May be a global unique identifier or an identifier specific to the data set.

String

Yes

🐦 A string representing the taxonomic identification as it appeared in the original record.

String

Yes

🐦 A brief phrase or a standard term ("cf.", "aff.") to express the determiner’s doubts about the Identification.

String

Yes

🐦 A list (concatenated and separated) of nomenclatural types (type status, typified scientific name, publication) applied to the subject.

String

Yes

🐦 A list (concatenated and separated) of names of people, groups, or organizations who assigned the Taxon to the subject.

String

Yes

🐦 A list (concatenated and separated) of the globally unique identifier for the person, people, groups, or organizations responsible for assigning the Taxon to the subject.

String

Yes

🐦 The date on which the subject was determined as representing the Taxon.

String

Yes

🐦 A list (concatenated and separated) of references (publication, global unique identifier, URI) used in the Identification.

String

Yes

🐦 A categorical indicator of the extent to which the taxonomic identification has been verified to be correct.

String

Yes

🐦 Comments or notes about the Identification.

String

Yes

🐦 An identifier for the set of taxon information (data associated with the Taxon class). May be a global unique identifier or an identifier specific to the data set.

String

Yes

🐦 An identifier for the nomenclatural (not taxonomic) details of a scientific name.

String

Yes

🐦 An identifier for the name usage (documented meaning of the name according to a source) of the currently valid (zoological) or accepted (botanical) taxon.

String

Yes

🐦 An identifier for the name usage (documented meaning of the name according to a source) of the direct, most proximate higher-rank parent taxon (in a classification) of the most specific element of the scientificName.

String

Yes

🐦 An identifier for the name usage (documented meaning of the name according to a source) in which the terminal element of the scientificName was originally established under the rules of the associated nomenclaturalCode.

String

Yes

🐦 An identifier for the source in which the specific taxon concept circumscription is defined or implied. See nameAccordingTo.

String

Yes

🐦 An identifier for the publication in which the scientificName was originally established under the rules of the associated nomenclaturalCode.

String

Yes

🐦 An identifier for the taxonomic concept to which the record refers - not for the nomenclatural details of a taxon.

String

Yes

🐦 The full scientific name, with authorship and date information if known. When forming part of an Identification, this should be the name in lowest level taxonomic rank that can be determined. This term should not contain identification qualifications, which should instead be supplied in the IdentificationQualifier term.

String

Yes

🐦 The full name, with authorship and date information if known, of the currently valid (zoological) or accepted (botanical) taxon.

String

Yes

🐦 The full name, with authorship and date information if known, of the direct, most proximate higher-rank parent taxon (in a classification) of the most specific element of the scientificName.

String

Yes

🐦 The taxon name, with authorship and date information if known, as it originally appeared when first established under the rules of the associated nomenclaturalCode. The basionym (botany) or basonym (bacteriology) of the scientificName or the senior/earlier homonym for replaced names.

String

Yes

🐦 The reference to the source in which the specific taxon concept circumscription is defined or implied - traditionally signified by the Latin "sensu" or "sec." (from secundum, meaning "according to"). For taxa that result from identifications, a reference to the keys, monographs, experts and other sources should be given.

String

Yes

🐦 A reference for the publication in which the scientificName was originally established under the rules of the associated nomenclaturalCode.

String

Yes

🐦 The four-digit year in which the scientificName was published.

String

Yes

🐦 A list (concatenated and separated) of taxa names terminating at the rank immediately superior to the taxon referenced in the taxon record.

String

Yes

🐦 The full scientific name of the kingdom in which the taxon is classified.

String

Yes

🐦 The full scientific name of the phylum or division in which the taxon is classified.

String

Yes

🐦 The full scientific name of the class in which the taxon is classified.

String

Yes

🐦 The full scientific name of the order in which the taxon is classified.

String

Yes

🐦 The full scientific name of the family in which the taxon is classified.

String

Yes

🐦 The full scientific name of the subfamily in which the taxon is classified.

String

Yes

🐦 The full scientific name of the genus in which the taxon is classified.

String

Yes

🐦 The genus part of the scientificName without authorship.

String

Yes

🐦 The full scientific name of the subgenus in which the taxon is classified. Values should include the genus to avoid homonym confusion.

String

Yes

🐦 The infrageneric part of a binomial name at ranks above species but below genus.

String

Yes

🐦 The name of the first or species epithet of the scientificName.

String

Yes

🐦 The name of the lowest or terminal infraspecific epithet of the scientificName, excluding any rank designation.

String

Yes

🐦 Part of the name of a cultivar, cultivar group or grex that follows the scientific name.

String

Yes

🐦 The taxonomic rank of the most specific name in the scientificName.

String

Yes

🐦 The taxonomic rank of the most specific name in the scientificName as it appears in the original record.

String

Yes

🐦 The authorship information for the scientificName formatted according to the conventions of the applicable nomenclaturalCode.

String

Yes

🐦 A common or vernacular name.

String

Yes

🐦 The nomenclatural code (or codes in the case of an ambiregnal name) under which the scientificName is constructed.

String

Yes

🐦 The status of the use of the scientificName as a label for a taxon. Requires taxonomic opinion to define the scope of a taxon. Rules of priority then are used to define the taxonomic status of the nomenclature contained in that scope, combined with the experts opinion. It must be linked to a specific taxonomic reference that defines the concept.

String

Yes

🐦 The status related to the original publication of the name and its conformance to the relevant rules of nomenclature. It is based essentially on an algorithm according to the business rules of the code. It requires no taxonomic opinion.

String

Yes

🐦 Comments or notes about the taxon or name.